Fig. 7

Forest plot showing the risk of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) between the groups. (a) (b) denote different datasets within the same study. The diamond (◆) represents the overall pooled effect estimate, while the squares (■) indicate the weight of individual studies, with the size of each square proportional to the study's contribution to the meta-analysis. CI, confidence interval; M-H, Mantel–Haenszel method